A swarm is how honeybee colonies reproduce. When a hive becomes strong and crowded, the bees prepare to divide. The existing (old) queen leaves the hive, taking thousands of worker bees with her to establish a new colony. Before departing, the bees will have already begun raising a new queen to remain in the original hive. This process ensures the survival and expansion of honeybee populations.

In the UK, swarming typically occurs between late April and July, with peak activity in May and June. This coincides with warmer weather, longer days, and an abundance of nectar and pollen. Strong, healthy colonies are actually more likely to swarm, so it is often a sign that a colony is thriving rather than struggling.

A swarm can be quite a dramatic sight. You may first notice a large cloud of bees flying together, often accompanied by a loud buzzing sound. This can look intimidating, but in reality, swarming bees are usually very calm. Once they settle, they form a dense cluster—often described as a “ball” of bees—around the queen. This cluster may hang from a tree branch, fence, wall, or other surface while scout bees search for a suitable new home. The swarm may remain in this position for several hours or even a couple of days.

Swarms can appear in a wide variety of locations, from gardens and hedges to buildings, sheds, and even street furniture. Because they are in transit and do not have a hive to defend, they are generally far less aggressive than bees protecting a colony. However, they should still be treated with respect and not disturbed.

If you encounter a swarm, the most important thing is to remain calm. Keep a safe distance and ensure that children and pets are kept away. Do not attempt to spray or remove the bees yourself. Instead, contact a local beekeeper or beekeeping association, as many offer a swarm collection service. Beekeepers are often keen to collect swarms, as they can be rehomed into managed hives.

It is also worth noting that swarms are temporary. Once scout bees find a suitable location—such as a hollow tree or cavity—the swarm will move on.

Honeybee swarms are a remarkable reminder of nature in action. With the right approach, they can be safely managed and even enjoyed as a sign of a healthy and active bee population.

We will always help where we can, remember it is vital that we help these swarms by leaving them alone first, we will collect if the swarm does not move on or if they are in an unsuitable area that may be detrimental to passers by.

Go to our swarm page here for details of what to do if you see a swarm: SWARMS